Las personas con trastorno de juego en Internet tienen deficiencias neurocognitivas y disfunciones sociocognitivas similares a los pacientes con dependencia de la metanfetamina

Chenguang Jiang, Cui Li, Hongliang Zhou, Zhenhe Zhou

Resumen


Las disfunciones cognitivas pueden ser una parte esencial de trastornos de adicción. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar si las personas con trastorno de juego en Internet (TJI) tienen deficiencias cognitivas y disfunciones sociocognitivas similares a los pacientes con dependencia de la metanfetamina (DM). Los participantes incluyeron 30 personas con TJI, 30 pacientes con DM, y 30 Controles Normales (CN). Todos los participantes completaron la tarea de dígitos, Iowa gambling task (IGT), WCST e Interpersonal Perception Task-15 (IPT-15). Los resultados mostraron que los grupos de TJI y DM obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en dígitos directos e inversos, elecciones de barajas favorables menos barajas desfavorables, cuantía media de ganancia monetaria, número de categorías completadas, porcentaje de respuestas a nivel conceptual, y puntuaciones totales y factoriales del IPT-15, comparado con el grupo CN. Las puntuaciones en dígitos directos e inversos, número de categorías completadas, porcentaje de respuestas a nivel conceptual, elecciones de barajas favorables menos barajas desfavorables, y cuantía media de ganancia monetaria eran más bajas en el grupo TJI que en el grupo DM. El número de cartas elegidas de las barajas A, B, C, y D, total de respuestas erróneas, errores perseverativos, e incapacidad para mantenimiento de sets eran más elevados en los grupos TJI y DM que en el grupo CN. El total de respuestas erróneas, errores perseverativos, e incapacidad para mantener los sets eran más elevados en el grupo TJI que en el grupo DM. Los resultados mostraron que las deficiencias neurocognitivas y disfunciones sociocognitivas son similares en los grupos TJI y DM. Desde una perspectiva cognitiva, dichos resultados apoyan la hipótesis del TJI como trastorno del espectro de las adicciones, y podría llevar a una mejor valoración de la eficacia del tratamiento.

Palabras clave


Trastorno de juego en Internet; Dependencia de la metanfetamina; Neurocognición; Cognición social; Cognición

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1342

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