Recaída en el abandono del consumo de tabaco: una revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.514Palabras clave:
tabaquismo, recaída, tratamiento, factores individuales, factores ambientales, prevención, dientesResumen
La recaída constituye un evento frecuente en el proceso de dejar de fumar siendo, en parte, responsable de la alta prevalencia de tabaquismo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es revisar y comentar los diferentes enfoques teóricos y los factores determinantes de este proceso tanto a nivel individual como ambiental, así como los principales procedimientos utilizados en la prevención de recaídas según el análisis de la bibliografía científica publicada en los últimos 20 años. Los estados emocionales negativos, los altos niveles de dependencia y el escaso grado de apoyo social son variables claramente relacionadas con este proceso en diferentes poblaciones incluyendo la población española. Intensificar los programas de tratamiento, entrenar en habilidades para afrontar las distintas situaciones de riesgo y el control de los factores emocionales así como fomentar la búsqueda de apoyo social son formas de intervención que se han mostrado eficaces para la prevención de la recaída en el abandono del consumo de tabaco.Citas
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