Sustancias dopantes y su incidencia: una visión retrospectiva del laboratorio nacional de prevención y control del dopaje de México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1012Palabras clave:
Control antidopaje, Sustancias dopantes, Laboratorio Nacional de Prevención y Control del Dopaje-CONADE, ISO/IEC-17025.Resumen
El uso de sustancias para incrementar el desarrollo deportivo de atletas ha sido un flagelo en el deporte internacional. En este sentido la Agencia Mundial Antidopaje (WADA-AMA) ha implementado una serie de estándares que permiten armonizar la lucha contra el dopaje desde diferentes aristas. Particularmente los laboratorios acreditados por la WADA-AMA forman parte importante en la erradicación de dopaje deportivo. En este informe se muestran los datos obtenidos en el Laboratorio Nacional de Prevención y Control del Dopaje (LNPCD-CONADE) de acuerdo a la incidencia de Resultados Analíticos Adversos (RAA) en el periodo 2009-2015, los cuales fueron obtenidos del análisis de un total de 18,085 muestras biológicas de control antidopaje. Se hace un análisis de la distribución de muestras de acuerdo al género, tipo de deporte ya sea en competición o fuera de competición, así como de la prevalencia de RAA durante el periodo de tiempo analizado y la relación respecto al grupo de sustancia dopante y tipo de deporte. Los datos aquí presentados se compararon con los disponibles en la página electrónica de la WADA-AMA y se observó que en los casos de sustancias del grupo S1 es más alto el porcentaje que se reporta por el LNPCD-CONADE que el reportado a nivel mundial, caso contrario se determinó para RAA que presentaron alguna sustancia del grupo S6 y S8. Así mismo se observa una mayor prevalencia en el uso de sustancias dopantes por atletas masculinos (75%) comparado con el 25 % observado en atletas femeninos. Los deportes con mayor número de RAA detectados en el laboratorio fueron béisbol, ciclismo y atletismo.Citas
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