Caracterización conductual y neuroinmune de la resiliencia al estrés social: Efectos reforzantes de la cocaína

Autores/as

  • Francisco Ródenas-González Universidad de Valencia
  • María del Carmen Blanco-Gandía Universidad de Zaragoza
  • José Miñarro López Universidad de Valencia
  • Marta Rodriguez-Arias Universidad de Valencia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1348

Palabras clave:

Resiliencia, cocaína, estrés social, afrontamiento, interleucina 6.

Resumen

Numerosos estudios preclínicos han demostrado que el estrés social incrementa la vulnerabilidad a los efectos reforzantes de la cocaína. Sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos no son homogéneos, observándose siempre una subpoblación que no muestra dicho incremento. Utilizando el modelo de derrota social (DS) repetida en ratones, en este trabajo hemos querido caracterizar conductualmente a los ratones resilientes al incremento de los efectos reforzantes de la cocaína inducido por el estrés social. Utilizamos ratones adultos macho de la cepa C57/BL6 a los que sometimos al protocolo de DS repetida y tres semanas más tarde, realizamos el Condicionamiento de Preferencia de Lugar (CPL) inducido por una dosis no efectiva de cocaína (1mg/kg). Una vez finalizado este procedimiento se midieron los niveles estriatales de interleucina 6, ya que el estrés social produce una respuesta de neuroinflamación. No se observó CPL en los ratones controles, pero los animales derrotados tomados en conjunto desarrollaron preferencia. Sin embargo, esta muestra se pudo dividir en ratones resilientes (no desarrollaron preferencia) y susceptibles (presentaron CPL). Durante las derrotas sociales, los animales resilientes pasaron menos tiempo en las conductas de huida y sumisión que los catalogados como susceptible y presentaron conductas de ataque hacia el ratón residente, manifestando por tanto resistencia a ser derrotados. No se observaron diferencias en la respuesta de neuroinflamación, probablemente debido al largo periodo de tiempo trascurrido desde la última derrota social. Nuestros resultados sugieren que un estilo de afrontamiento activo al estrés social va a ser determinante en la protección del sujeto a desarrollar un trastorno por uso de drogas. 

Biografía del autor/a

Francisco Ródenas-González, Universidad de Valencia

Departamento de Psicobiología. Facultad de Psicología

María del Carmen Blanco-Gandía, Universidad de Zaragoza

Departamento de Psicología y Sociología. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. 

José Miñarro López, Universidad de Valencia

Catedratico de Universidad, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Facultad de Psicología

Marta Rodriguez-Arias, Universidad de Valencia

Catedratica de Universidad, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Facultad de Psicología 

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2020-02-14

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