Inteligencia emocional rasgo y habilidad como factores asociados al consumo de cannabis en la adolescencia Trait and ability emotional intelligence as factors associated with cannabis use in adolescence

Autores/as

  • Sara González Yubero Universidad de Cantabria
  • Raquel Palomera Martín Universidad de Cantabria
  • Susana Lázaro-Visa Universidad de Cantabria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1364

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia emocional, autoinforme, test de rendi­miento máximo, cannabis, adolescencia. Emotional intelligence, self-report, performance test, cannabis, adolescence.

Resumen

Diversos organismos internacionales alertan sobre el incremento de consumo de cannabis y de su uso extendido entre los adolescentes. El presente estudio ha sido uno de los primeros con el objetivo de analizar el papel de la inteligencia emocional rasgo y habilidad, basada en el modelo de Mayer y Salovey, en relación al consumo de cannabis en adolescentes. En este estudio participaron 799 jóvenes españoles con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 16 años. Se administró un autoinforme de inteligencia emocional (IE) rasgo, un test de rendimiento máximo de IE y se preguntó sobre los hábitos relacionados con el consumo de cannabis. Este estudio de tipo transversal se llevó a cabo a través de una metodología de corte cuantitativo y de tipo correlacional. Los principales resultados obtenidos mediante los análisis de regresión una vez controlados el género, la edad y el contexto de centro, revelaron asociaciones negativas entre los factores de comprensión y reparación emocional de la IE rasgo y las variables de consumo de cannabis, al contrario que la atención emocional. Por otro lado, en relación con la IE habilidad, los factores de percepción y facilitación se asociaron de manera inversa al consumo de cannabis en los adolescentes. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que tanto la IE rasgo como la IE habilidad son constructos complementarios que ayudan a explicar el consumo de cannabis. Estos hallazgos proporcionan evidencias empíricas que podrían orientar intervenciones clínicas y educativas enfocadas a la prevención del consumo en esta etapa.
Many international organisms have warned of the increased consumption of cannabis and its extensive use by adolescents. This study is one of the first with the aim of analyzing the role of ability and trait emotional intelligence, based on the model of Mayer and Salovey, with regards to the consumption of cannabis by adolescents. The study participants were 799 Spanish nationals aged 12 to 16. They were administered a self-report on trait emotional intelligence (EI), a test of maximum EI performance and were asked about their habits relating to cannabis consumption. This cross-sectional study used a quantitative, correlational methodology. The main results obtained from the regression analysis once gender, age and context of residence were controlled for, revealed negative associations between the factors of understanding and emotional repair of trait EI and the cannabis consumption variables, in contrast to emotional attention. On the other hand, with regards to ability EI, the factors of perception and facilitation were inversely associated with cannabis consumption in adolescents. The results suggest that both trait and ability EI are complementary constructs that help to explain cannabis consumption during this life stage. These findings offer empirical evidence that may help guide clinical and educational interventions focused on prevention of consumption during this period.

Biografía del autor/a

Sara González Yubero, Universidad de Cantabria

Universidad de Cantabria, Santander. España.

Raquel Palomera Martín, Universidad de Cantabria

Universidad de Cantabria, Santander. España.

Susana Lázaro-Visa, Universidad de Cantabria

Universidad de Cantabria, Santander. España.

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Publicado

2020-07-14

Número

Vol. 33 Núm. 4 (2021)

Sección

Originales