Asistencia a un tratamiento para dejar de fumar con personas con trastorno por uso de sustancias Smoking cessation treatment attendance among smokers with substance use disorders

Autores/as

  • Gema Aonso-Diego Universidad de Oviedo
  • Alba González-Roz Departamento de Psicología / Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (IUNICS). Universidad de las Islas Baleares. Valldemossa Km. 7.5, E‑07122 Palma de Mallorca, España
  • Sara Weidberg Grupo de Investigación en Conductas Adictivas. Departamento de Psicologia. Universidad de Oviedo
  • Gloria García-Fernández Grupo de Investigación en Conductas Adictivas. Departamento de Psicologia. Universidad de Oviedo
  • Roberto Secades-Villa Grupo de Investigación en Conductas Adictivas. Departamento de Psicologia. Universidad de Oviedo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1718

Palabras clave:

Barreras, no asistencia, dejar de fumar, tratamiento cognitivo-conductural, desórdenes por el abuso de sustancias. Barriers, non-attendance, smoking cessation, cognitive-behavioral treatment, substance use disorders.

Resumen

Este estudio aporta evidencia para entender las tasas de no asistencia en fumadores con TUS asignados a un tratamiento de cese del tabaquismo. Los hallazgos indican que era más probable la no asistencia al tratamiento de los pacientes más jóvenes, en tratamiento por uso de cocaína, y con un menor número de días en tratamiento por uso de sustancias. Futuros ensayos de cesación tabáquica con esta población difícil de tratar deberían tener en cuenta la incorporación de estrategias para mejorar la asistencia y las tasas de retención. Esperamos que esta información sea útil para profesionales de la salud en su diseño e implementación de intervenciones para reducir las enfermedades relacionadas con el tabaquismo entre la población con TUS.
A large proportion of smokers with substance use disorders (SUD) who are motivated to quit, do not initiate smoking cessation treatment, which means that they will not benefit from smoking intervention. The study aim was to identify baseline predictors of non-attendance to a smoking cessation treatment among smokers with SUD. A total of 86 smokers (69.8% males; Mage=43.84, SD=9.92) were allocated to one of two treatments for smoking cessation: cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) (n = 51) or CBT + contingency management (CM) (n = 35). Both treatment consisted of eight weeks of group-based therapy. The study found that out of 86 participants who met inclusion criteria, 65 initiated the smoking cessation treatment, and the remaining 21 did not. The binary logistic regression indicated that younger age [OR=.780; 95%CI (.623, .976)], fewer days on substance use treatment [OR=.995; 95%CI (.991, .999)], and being treated for cocaine use compared to opioid use [OR=21.423; 95%CI (1.194, 384.301)] were predictors of non-attendance. These results suggest that several individual factors affect the high rates of non-attendance to a smoking cessation treatment among individuals with SUD. Incorporating strategies to improve attendance and completion rates in SUD populations should be a priority.

Citas

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Publicado

2022-04-20

Número

Vol. 34 Núm. 4 (2022)

Sección

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