Uso problemático de internet entre adultos: Un estudio europeo longitudinal Problematic Internet use among adults: A longitudinal European study

Autores/as

  • Olatz López Fernández Universitat Católica de Lovaina
  • Lucía Romo EA 4430 CLIPSYD Université Paris Nanterre, Paris Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré, AP-HP Garches, CESP, Garches
  • Amélie Rousseau Psychology Department, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse
  • Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta Department of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin
  • Joanna Chwaszcz Department of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin
  • Niko Männikkö Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre for Research and Innovation, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu
  • Ann-Kathrin Gässler Psychotherapeutical Office Pilgramm, Hannover
  • Zsolt Demetrovics Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar
  • Sophia Achab Specialized Treatment Centre ReConnecte, University Hospitals, Geneva Sociological and Psychological-Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva
  • Daria J. Kuss Cyberpsychology Research Group, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham
  • Mark D. Griffiths Cyberpsychology Research Group, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1948

Palabras clave:

Adicción a internet, uso problemático de internet, investigación longitudinal, Europa, adultos. Internet addiction, problematic Internet use, longitudinal research, Europe, adults.

Resumen

Existen pocos estudios transculturales que utilizan análisis longitudinales para explorar el uso problemático de internet (PIU), y apenas existen estudios en población adulta. El presente estudio de seguimiento ha comparado tres observaciones a lo largo de un período de 12 meses, una cada seis meses. Se observó el curso natural y la trayectoria del PIU en una muestra europea de adultos de 11 países (Finlandia, Alemania, Italia, España, Francia, Suiza, Hungría, Polonia, Reino Unido, Noruega, Bélgica). 139 participantes (45,5 % mujeres) con una edad promedio de 26,14 años (DE = 5,92) proporcionaron datos en las tres observaciones. Se detectaros efectos longitudinales en el PIU, con diferencias estadísticas entre usuarios en riesgo en comparación con usuarios sanos en las observaciones 1 y 2, y las correspondientes a las observaciones 1 y 3. Los análisis de varianza mostraron un efecto longitudinal de las observaciones en los síntomas del PIU. Se halló que el PIU fue significativamente afectado por los factores del tiempo y del tipo de usuario, y aquellos participantes clasificados como en posible riesgo de PIU obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas que los usuarios sanos, aunque el PIU disminuyó con el tiempo en ambos grupos. Además, el tipo de PIU detectado en adultos contenía una sintomatología adictiva leve. En conclusión, este estudio demostró que el PIU fue generalmente bajo entre la población adulta europea y, además, tendió a disminuir durante el período de un año, lo que contrasta con los resultados en población adolescente.
There are few cross-cultural studies utilizing longitudinal analysis to explore problematic internet use (PIU), and almost none among adults. The present follow-up study compared three waves across 12-month period every six months and observed the natural course and trajectory of PIU in a European multi-country sample of adults from 11 countries (Finland, Germany, Italy, Spain, France, Switzerland, Hungary, Poland, UK, Norway, Belgium). A total of 139 participants (45.5% females) provided data across all three waves with an average age of 26.14 years (SD = 5.92). There were longitudinal effects in PIU, with statistical differences between at-risk users compared to healthy users in Waves 1 and 2, and Waves 1 and 3. The analyses of variance showed a longitudinal effect of waves on the PIU symptoms. PIU was significantly affected by time and type of user, with those classed as at-risk having higher scores than healthy users, although PIU decreased over time. In addition, the type of PIU detected in adults contained mild addictive symptoms. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that PIU was generally low among European adult population and tended to decrease over the one-year period, what contrasts with adolescent population findings.

Biografía del autor/a

Olatz López Fernández, Universitat Católica de Lovaina

Profesora adociada UCMProfesora contratada doctora UFVProfesora CES-Cardenal CisnerosAdjunta en Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz

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Publicado

2025-03-25

Número

Vol. 37 Núm. 1 (2025)

Sección

Originales