Receptividad a narrativas persuasivas en menores con infracciones que consumen cannabis: influencia de variables motivacionales y engagement Receptivity to persuasive narratives in juvenile offenders who use cannabis: influence of motivational variables and engagement

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.2346

Palabras clave:

Persuasión, narrativa audiovisual, motivación, engagement, menores con infracciones, consumo de cannabis, prevención persuasion, audiovisual narrative, motivation, engagement, juvenile offenders, cannabis use, prevention

Resumen

Las narrativas persuasivas han demostrado ser efectivas para influir en los comportamientos de salud. Sin embargo, su impacto en poblaciones en riesgo, como menores en conflicto con la ley que consumen cannabis, ha sido poco explorado. Este estudio analiza la respuesta de 93 menores que cumplen medidas judiciales en centros de internamiento ante narrativas persuasivas en formato video. Estas narrativas se elaboraron conforme al modelo del Proceso de Acción en Salud (Health Action Process Approach, HAPA) y adaptadas por género. Asimismo, se investigaron las variables que influyen en la resistencia al mensaje persuasivo, evaluada en términos de favorabilidad. Antes de la exposición a la narrativa, se midieron variables motivacionales como percepción del riesgo, expectativas (positivas y negativas) de resultados del no consumo de cannabis y autoeficacia para la acción. Tras la visualización, se analizaron los pensamientos generados (respuestas cognitivas) y el engagement con la narración, a través de la identificación con el/la protagonista y el transporte narrativo. Los resultados revelaron que los pensamientos se centraron en contenido del mensaje y en experiencias personales, predominando aquellos de carácter de favorable. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. Además, el transporte narrativo actuó como mediador significativo entre la percepción del riesgo y la favorabilidad. Este estudio aporta evidencia empírica sobre el efecto de las narrativas persuasivas en esta población, demostrando que su diseño, basado teorías de cambio de conducta de salud, favorece la receptividad. Los hallazgos respaldan su integración en programas de prevención en el contexto de la justicia juvenil.
Persuasive narratives have been shown to be effective in influencing health behaviors. However, their impact on at-risk populations, such as justice-involved juveniles who use cannabis, has received limited attention. This study analyzes the response of 93 juveniles with judicial measures in detention centers to persuasive video-based narratives. These narratives were developed in accordance with the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) and were gender-adapted. Additionally, variables influencing resistance to the persuasive message, assessed in terms of favorability, were examined. Prior to exposure to the narrative, motivational variables such as risk perception, outcome expectancies (both positive and negative) of cannabis non-use, and self-efficacy for action were measured. Following the viewing, generated thoughts (cognitive responses) and engagement with the narrative, focusing on identification with the protagonist and narrative transportation, were assessed. The results revealed that the thoughts generated focused on the message content of the message and personal experiences, with favorable thoughts predominating. No significant differences were found between males and females. Furthermore, narrative transportation acted as a significant mediator between risk perception and message favorability. This study provides empirical evidence on the effect of persuasive narratives in this population, indicating that their design, based on health behavior change theories, enhances receptivity. The findings support their integration into prevention programs within the context of juvenile justice.

Biografía del autor/a

Silvia Medina-Anzano, Universidad de Sevilla

Departamento de Psicología Social

Isabel María Herrera-Sánchez, Universidad de Sevilla

Profesora Contratada Doctora. Departamento de Psicología Social. Universidad de Sevilla

Samuel Rueda-Méndez, Universidad de Sevilla

Departamento de Psicología Social

Citas

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Publicado

2026-03-31

Número

Vol. 38 Núm. 1 (2026)

Sección

Originales