Juego tradicional, apuestas en videojuegos y trading financiero: Asociaciones con la gravedad del juego y el daño asociado en adultos jóvenes Traditional gambling, betting in video games, and financial trading: Associations with gambling severity and associated harm in young adults

Autores/as

  • Ainhoa Coloma-Carmona Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
  • Nerea Pons-García Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
  • Virtudes Pérez-Jover Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
  • Fernando Miró-Llinares Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
  • José Luis Carballo Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.2512

Palabras clave:

Daño asociado al juego, Índice de gravedad de problemas con el juego, Apuestas en Esports, Apuestas con skins, Criptomonedas, Trading Financiero, Adultos jóvenes Gambling harms, Problem Gambling Severity Index, Esports betting, Skin gambling, Cryptocurrency, Financial Trading, Young Adults

Resumen

La digitalización del juego ha favorecido la expansión de productos análogos al juego de azar en espacios como los videojuegos y las plataformas de inversión financiera. Aunque estas prácticas comparten mecanismos estructurales y perfiles de riesgo con el juego de azar, la evidencia sobre su relación con el daño asociado y su papel conjunto en la predicción de la gravedad del juego sigue siendo limitada. Este estudio analizó si la participación reciente (últimos 60 días) en estas actividades, junto con las formas tradicionales de juego, se asocia con la gravedad del juego (PGSI) y el daño relacionado (SGHS). La muestra procede de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06681103), del que se emplearon únicamente los datos de la evaluación inicial previos a la intervención. Se reclutaron 1.889 jóvenes de 18–34 años residentes en España, de los cuales el 53,9 % (n=1.018) había participado recientemente en actividades de juego o análogas, conformando la muestra analizada. Ambos indicadores se modelaron mediante regresión ordinal jerárquica ajustada por implicación global (frecuencia y número de actividades) y sociodemográficas. Las asociaciones con la gravedad se mantuvieron tras todos los ajustes, con OR ajustadas (ORa) entre 1,9 y 3,6 (p<0,01), destacando las apuestas en videojuegos y el trading de materias primas, con magnitudes similares a las observadas para máquinas tragaperras, casino y apuestas deportivas. En el SGHS, solo las apuestas en eSports y el trading de materias primas (ORa=2,23, p<0,05) conservaron su asociación con un mayor número de daños tras el ajuste sociodemográfico, mientras que las loterías mostraron asociaciones inversas con ambos indicadores (ORa=0,58 en PGSI, y ORa=0,56 en SGHS, p<0,05). Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de incorporar estas nuevas formas de gasto digital en la detección y prevención del daño asociado al juego entre jóvenes adultos.
The digitization of gambling has led to the proliferation of gambling-like products in areas such as video games and financial investment platforms. Although these practices share structural mechanisms and risk profiles with gambling, evidence on their relationship with associated harm and their joint role in predicting gambling severity remains limited. This study examined the association between recent participation (within the last 60 days) in these activities, along with traditional forms of gambling, and gambling severity (PGSI) and related harm (SGHS). The sample is derived from a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06681103), from which only the pre-intervention baseline assessment data were utilized. A total of 1,889 young people aged 18–34 living in Spain were recruited, of whom 53.9% (n=1,018) had recently participated in gambling or similar activities, forming the sample analyzed. Both indicators were modelled using hierarchical ordinal regression, with adjustments made for overall involvement (frequency and number of activities) and sociodemographic factors. The associations with severity remained after all adjustments, with adjusted ORs (aORs) between 1.9 and 3.6 (p<0.01), with video game betting and commodity trading standing out, with magnitudes similar to those observed for slot machines, casinos, and sports betting. In the SGHS, only eSports betting and commodity trading (aOR=2.23, p<0.05) retained their association with a higher number of harms after sociodemographic adjustment, while lotteries showed inverse associations with both indicators (aOR=0.58 in PGSI, and aOR=0.56 in SGHS, p<0.05). The results emphasize the importance of incorporating these new forms of digital spending into the detection and prevention of gambling harm among young adults.

Biografía del autor/a

Ainhoa Coloma-Carmona, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

Centro de Psicología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)

Nerea Pons-García, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

Centro de Psicología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

Virtudes Pérez-Jover, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

Centro de Psicología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)

Fernando Miró-Llinares, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

Centro CRÍMINA

José Luis Carballo, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

Centro de Psicología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL).

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2026-03-31

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Vol. 38 Núm. 1 (2026)

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