Resultados al año del tratamiento hospitalario del trastorno por consumo de alcohol: Un programa de siete semanas en la República Checa One-year outcomes of inpatient treatment for alcohol use disorder: A seven-week programme in the Czech Republic

Autores/as

  • Tomas Skorkovsky Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen
  • Milan Beniš Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen
  • Jiří Podlipný Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen
  • Petr Hošek Charles University, Pilsen
  • Michal Miovský Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague
  • Jan Vevera Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Prague

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.2518

Palabras clave:

Trastorno por consumo de alcohol, Tratamiento hospitalario, Abstinencia, Recaída, Calidad de vida, Resultados del tratamiento Alcohol use disorder, Inpatient treatment, Abstinence, Relapse, Quality of life, Treatment outcomes

Resumen

Los resultados a largo plazo del tratamiento hospitalario del trastorno por consumo de alcohol (TCA) siguen siendo insuficientemente estudiados en Europa Central y Oriental. Este estudio examinó los resultados a los 12 meses posteriores al tratamiento tras un programa psicoterapéutico hospitalario de siete semanas en el Hospital Universitario de Plzeň y analizó los factores asociados con la abstinencia y la recaída. Se evaluó una cohorte prospectiva de un solo grupo compuesta por 62 pacientes (41,9 % mujeres) diagnosticados con dependencia del alcohol o consumo perjudicial (CIE-10) mediante instrumentos estandarizados (WHOQOL-BREF, EuropASI), con seguimiento a los 6 y 12 meses y verificación colateral. Se observó abstinencia continua durante un año en 23 pacientes (37,1 %), mientras que otros 5 (8,1 %) informaron un único episodio puntual de consumo; la abstinencia puntual al cabo de un año fue del 56,5 %. Las recaídas ocurrieron predominantemente durante los primeros seis meses. El inicio de la atención de seguimiento en un programa hospitalario especializado dentro del primer mes tras el alta se asoció con resultados más favorables, mientras que una mayor gravedad inicial del consumo de alcohol se relacionó con una recaída más temprana. La calidad de vida, medida mediante el WHOQOL-BREF, mejoró con el tiempo, y una mayor calidad de vida en el seguimiento a los 6 meses se asoció con resultados de abstinencia más favorables. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el período temprano posterior al tratamiento representa una fase particularmente vulnerable de la recuperación y que la participación en cuidados de seguimiento, la gravedad de la dependencia y la calidad de vida pueden ser correlatos relevantes de los resultados del tratamiento.  
Long-term outcomes of inpatient treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) remain insufficiently studied in Central and Eastern Europe. This study examined 12-month post-treatment outcomes following a seven-week inpatient psychotherapeutic programme at Pilsen University Hospital and analysed factors associated with abstinence and relapse. A single-group prospective cohort of 62 patients (41.9% women) diagnosed with alcohol dependence or harmful use (ICD-10) was assessed using standardised instruments (WHOQOL-BREF and EuropASI) and followed up at the 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, with collateral informant verification. Continuous one-year abstinence was observed in 23 patients (37.1%), with an additional 5 (8.1%) reporting a single lapse; point abstinence at one year was 56.5%. Relapse occurred predominantly during the first 6 months after discharge. Initiation of facility-based aftercare within one month after discharge was associated with more favourable outcomes, while higher baseline alcohol severity was associated with earlier relapse. Quality of life, as measured by the WHOQOL-BREF, improved over time, and higher quality of life at the 6-month follow-up was associated with more favourable abstinence outcomes. These findings suggest that the early post-treatment period represents a particularly vulnerable phase of recovery and that aftercare participation, dependence severity, and quality of life may be relevant correlates of treatment outcomes.

Biografía del autor/a

Tomas Skorkovsky, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.

Milan Beniš, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.

Jiří Podlipný, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic.

Petr Hošek, Charles University, Pilsen

Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.

Michal Miovský, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague

Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.

Jan Vevera, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Prague

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University and University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic. Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Prague, Czech Republic

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Publicado

2026-09-30

Número

Vol. 38 Núm. 3 (2026)

Sección

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