Consumo recreativo de drogas y reducción de daños en la vida nocturna global

Autores/as

  • Mark A. Bellis Catedrático de Salud Pública. Enviar correspondencia: M. A. Bellis, Centro de Salud Pública, 70 Great Crosshall Street, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 2AB, Reino Unido.
  • Karen Hughes Adjunto a la Investigación de Salud Pública.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.466

Palabras clave:

“Clubbing”, drogas recreativas, vida nocturna y salud, violencia, reducción de daños

Resumen

El turismo internacional vinculado a la música dance es responsable de que millones de jóvenes viajen al extranjero cada año para disfrutar de la vida nocturna en diferentes países. Debemos considerar tres problemas de salud asociadas a este reciente fenómeno: cambios en las drogas que consumen durante su estancia en el extranjero, variación de los estándares de salud y seguridad de la vida nocturna en un plano internacional, y la situación relativa de los sistemas que suministran información sobre la salud y la vida nocturna a nivel internacional. Las personas que viajan al extranjero continúan extendiendo nuevas tendencias en el consumo de las drogas recreativas. Sin embargo, las redes internacionales para cooperar en la recogida de información de las nuevas tendencias en el consumo de drogas recreativas y en las intervenciones para enfrentarse a las consecuencias asociadas a problemas de la salud, siguen estando muy poco desarrolladas. El desarrollo de la vida nocturna internacional continúa jugando un papel importante en el desarrollo económico de las ciudades y centros de ocio mundiales. No obstante, urge una mayor inversión en el plano internacional que atienda a la reducción de daños, a la información que incumbe a la seguridad y salud, y a la promoción de intervenciones especialmente dirigidas a jóvenes que salen fuera de sus países.

Citas

Apostolopoulos Y, Sonmez S & Yu GP (2002). HIVrisk behaviours of American spring break vacationers: a case of situational disinhibition? Int J STD & AIDS, 13: 733-743.

BBC (2002). Britons import drug problem to Ibiza. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/4x4_reports/2161145.stm, accessed 20th April 2003.

Bellis MA, Hale G, Bennett A, Chaudry M & Kilfoyle M (2000a). Ibiza uncovered: changes in substance use and sexual behaviour amongst young people visiting an international night-life resort. Int J Drug Policy, 11: 235-244.

Bellis MA, Hale G, Bennett A, Chaudry M & Kilfoyle M (2000b). Ibiza al descubierto: Cambios en el consumo de drogas y en el comportamiento sexual de los jovenes que pasan sus vacaciones

en lugares conocidos internacionalmente por su vida nocturna. Adicciones, 12 (4).

Bellis MA, Hughes K and Lowey H (2002a). Healthy night clubs and recreational substance use: from a harm minimisation to a healthy settings approach. Addict Behav, 27: 1025-1035.

Bellis MA, Hughes K & Lowey H (2002b). The Rimini Declaration. Liverpool: Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University.

Bowcott O (2001). Ecstasy deaths may have been caused by heat, not a bad batch. The Guardian, 30th June 2001.

Burke J (2001). Ecstasy’s death toll ‘set to go on rising’. The Guardian, 1st July 2001.

Burkhart G & Lopez ML (2002). Party Setting Projects from EDDRA. Lisbon: EMCDDA.

Calafat A, Fernandez C, Juan M, Bellis MA, Bohrn K, Haddarainen P, Kilfoyle-Carrington M, Kokkevi A, Maalste N, Mendes F, Siamou I, Simon J,

Stocco P & Zavatti P (2001). Risk and control in the recreational drug culture: SONAR project. Palma de Mallorca. IREFREA.

Chatterton P & Hollands R (2002). Theorising urban playscapes: producing, regulating and consuming youthful nightlife city spaces. Urban Stud, 39: 95-116.

Council of Europe (1997). Joint Action of 16 June 1997 adopted by the Council on the basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs. Luxembourg: Council of Europe.

Degenhardt L (2003). New Drugs, New Risks. 14th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 6-10 April 2003.

Forsyth AJM, Barnard M & McKeganey NP (1997). Musical preference as an indicator of adolescent drug use. Addiction, 92: 1317-1325.

Forsyth AJM (1997). A quantative exploration of dance drug use: the new pattern of drug use in the 1990s. Thesis, Department of Sociology, University of Glasgow.

Garratt S (1998). Adventures in Wonderland: A Decade of Club Culture. London: Headline Book Publishing.

Health Education Authority (1999). Drugs Abroad: Essential holiday information. London: Health Education Authority.

Hibell B, Andersson B, Ahlstrom S, Balakireva O, Bjarnasson T, Kokkevi A & Morgan M (2000). The 1999 ESPAD Report: Alcohol and other drug use among students in 30 European countries. Stockholm: The Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN).

HIT (2001). Holiday: Ibiza survival guide. Liverpool: HIT.

Home Affairs Select Committee (2003). Minutes of Evidence for Tuesday 11 March 2003, Lord Carlile of Berriew QC, Reviews of the

Government’s Terrorism Legislation. HC 515. London: House of Commons.

Hughes K & Bellis MA (2003). Risk behaviour in Ibiza: results of a four year study. 14th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 6-10 April 2003.

Johnson KC, Hu J & Mao Y (2001). Lifetime residential and workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer in never-smoking women, Canada 1994-97. International Journal of Cancer, 93 (6): 902-6.

Kershaw C, Budd T, Kinshott G, Mattinson J, Mayhew P & Myhill A (2000). The 2000 British Crime Survey. Home Office Statistical Bulletin 18/00. London: Home Office.

Laespada MT & Salazar L (2002). Oci i temps lliure. In Joves Balears, Palma de Mallorca: Fundacio Sa Nostra, 150-192.

Lenton S, Boys A & Norcross K (1997). Raves, drugs and experience: drug use by a sample of people who attend raves in Western Australia. Addiction, 92: 1327-1337.

Luke C (1999). A Little Nightclub Medicine. In Kilfoyle M & Bellis MA eds. Club Health: The health of the clubbing nation. Department of

Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University: Liverpool.

Manchester Evening News (2001). Printworks partygoer dies in 40ft fall. Manchester Evening News. 12th February 2001.

Measham F, Aldridge J & Parker H (2001). Unstoppable? Dance drug use in the UK clubs scene. In: Parker H, Aldridge J & Egginton R eds. UK Drugs Unlimited: New research and policy lessons on illicit drug use, 80-97. Basingtoke: Palgrave.

Melechi A (1993). The ecstasy of disappearance. In: Redhead S ed. Rave Off: Politics and deviance in contemporary youth culture, 29-40. Aldershot: Avebury.

Ministry of Health (1999). Guidelines for Safe Dance Parties – The Big Book. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Health.

Mintel International Group Limited (2000). Youth Holidays. London: Mintel International Group Limited.

Mintel International Group Limited (2002) Nightclubs. London: Mintel International Group Limited.

Muzik (2001). Your passport to Worldwide debauchery. Muzik, no.74, July 2001.

Myhill A & Allen J (2002). Rape and sexual assault of women: the extent and nature of the problem. Findings from the British

Crime Survey. Home Office Research Study 237. London: Home Office.

National Drug Intelligence Center (1999). Drugs and the Internet: An overview of the threat to America’s Youth. Johnstown, USA: National Drug Intelligence Center.

Office for National Statistics (2002). Labour Force Survey, March-May 2002. London: Office for National Statistics.

Parnell AM & Rodgers JL (1998). Seasonality of induced abortion in North Carolina. J Biosoc Sci, 30: 321-332.

Pederson W & Skrondal A (1999). Ecstasy and new patterns of drug use: a normal population study. Addiction, 94: 1695-1706.

Ramsay M, Baker P, Goulden C, Sharp C & Sondhi A (2001). Drug misuse declared in 2000: results from the British Crime Survey. London: Home Office.

Release (1997). Drugs, & Dance Survey: An insight into the culture. London: Release.

Reneman L, Lavalaye J, Schmand B, de Wolff FA, van den Brink W, den Heeten GJ & Booij J (2001). Cortical serotonin transporter density and verbal memory in individuals who stopped using 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “ecstasy”). Arch

Gen Psychiatry, 58: 901-906.

Riley SCE, James C, Gregory D, Dingle H & Cadger M (2001). Patterns of recreational drug use at dance events in Edinburgh, Scotland. Addiction, 96: 1035-1047.

Rouse B, Sanderson C & Feldmann J (2002). Results from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse:Volume I. Summary

of National Findings. Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.

Russo L (2000). Date Rape: A hidden crime. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, 157. Australian Institute of Criminology.

Sellars A (1998). The influence of dance music on the UK youth tourism market. Tourism Manag, 19 (6): 611-615.

Shepherd J (1994). Preventing injuries from bar glasses. Br Med J, 308: 932-933.

Shewan D, Dalgarno P & Reith G (2000). Perceived risk and risk reduction among ecstasy users: the role of drug, set, and setting. Int J Drug Policy, 10: 431-453.

Strunin L & Hingson R (1992). Alcohol, drugs, and adolescent sexual behavior. The Int J Addict, 27 (2): 129-146.

Sturman P (2000). Drug Assisted Sexual Assault. London: Home Office.

The Roofie Foundation (2001). Statistical Update: April 2001. http://www.roofie.org.uk, accessed 20th April 2003.

United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention (2000). World Drug Report 2000. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

von Sydow K, Lieb R, Pfister H, Hofler M & Wittchen HU (2002). Use, abuse and dependence of ecstasy and related drugs in adolescents

and young adults – a transient phenomenon? Results from a longitudinal community study. Drug Alcohol Depend, 66: 147-159.

Warren M (2003). 21 killed in Chicago nightclub stampede. The Telegraph, 18th February 2003.

Webster R, Goodman M & Whalley G (2002). Safer Clubbing: guidance for licensing authorities, club managers and promoters. London: Home Office.

Wellings K, Macdowell W, Catchpole M & Goodrich J (1999). Seasonal variations in sexual activity and their implications for sexual health promotion. J R Soc Med, 92: 60-64.

Whitten L (2001). Conference highlights increasing GHB abuse. NIDA Notes 16, 10–11.

Winstock AR, Griffiths P & Stewart D (2001). Drugs and the dance music scene: a survey of current drug use patterns among a sample of dance music enthusiasts in the UK. Drug Alcohol Depend, 64: 9-17.

Winstock A (2003). The problems of poly-drug misuse. 14th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 6-10 April 2003.

Young C & Hirschfield A (1999). Crystal Clear –Reducing Glass Related Injury An evaluation conducted on behalf of the Safer Merseyside Partnership. Liverpool: University of Liverpool.

Young Z & Docherty T (2000). Changing Expectations? North West undergraduates’ perceptions and expectations of the graduate

labour market. Manchester: University of Manchester.

Descargas

Publicado

2003-12-15

Número

Sección

Originales