Iudicium: Una intervención educativa para abordar la percepción de riesgo del consumo problemático de alcohol en adolescentes Iudicium: An Educational Intervention for addressing Risk Perception of Alcohol Abuse in Adolescents

Autores/as

  • Héctor Bajac School of Industrial Engineers. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain Facultad de Administración y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad ORT Uruguay
  • Albert Feliu-Soler Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBER-SAM), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica- Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) y Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
  • Diana Meerhoff Junta Nacional de Drogas
  • Laura Latorre Junta Nacional de Drogas
  • Matilde Elices Programa de Cognición. Instituto de Fundamentos y Métodos en Psicología. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.789

Palabras clave:

Consumo de alcohol, intervención educativa, percepción del riesgo, adolescentes. Alcohol use, Educational intervention, Risk perception, Adolescents.

Resumen

El consumo abusivo de alcohol en la adolescencia se asocia a importantes consecuencias negativas y por tanto diversos programas e intervenciones se han desarrollado para tratar esta problemática. En este artículo presentamos Iudicium, una actividad realizada en contextos educativos y basada en una dramatización, cuyo objetivo es incrementar la percepción del riesgo del consumo abusivo de alcohol en adolescentes. En la actividad se realiza un juicio grupal a un caso ficticio, donde los protagonistas sufren consecuencias severas a causa del consumo excesivo de alcohol (p. ej., peleas físicas, embarazo no deseado, y accidente automovilístico). A continuación, se procede a una reflexión grupal y a la discusión de información sobre los efectos del consumo de alcohol. Participaron en la actividad 318 estudiantes (55,7% mujeres y 44,3% hombres) procedentes de 5 centros de bachillerato. La percepción de riesgo de consumo de alcohol fue evaluada pre y post intervención. Los resultados indican que la actividad tuvo un impacto positivo, observándose un aumento de un 34% en la percepción de riesgo de abuso de alcohol. La aceptación de la intervención fue buena y los participantes destacaron el componente experiencial como una de sus fortalezas. En suma, Iudicium parece ser una intervención eficaz para aumentar la percepción del riesgo de consumo abusivo de alcohol en estudiantes. 
Negative consequences of alcohol abuse during adolescence have been extensively described. Consequently, different interventions have been developed to address this issue. This article describes the implementation and evaluation of Iudicium, an educational drama-based intervention designed to increase risk perception of alcohol abuse. In this activity, high school students judge a case in which alcohol consumption had negative consequences (e.g., fights, unwanted pregnancy, and car accident). A trial is simulated and after that, a debriefing takes place during which the activity is discussed and informational materials on the effects of alcohol is provided and commented. A total of 318 students (55.7% females and 44.3% males) from five high schools participated in the study. Data regarding risk perception of alcohol abuse and adequacy of the activity was collected before and after the intervention. Results suggest that Iudicium was effective in increasing risk perception of abusive drinking, reaching a 34% of increase regarding risk perception. Participants highlighted the experiential component of Iudicium as a strength. The intervention was well-accepted, easy to understand and apparently an effective tool for increasing risk perception of alcohol abuse amongst high school students. 

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Publicado

2016-03-02

Número

Vol. 28 Núm. 1 (2016)

Sección

Originales