Adicción al ejercicio medida a través del Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) y salud en deportistas habituales. Una revisión sistemática y meta-análisis

Autores/as

  • Javier Simón Simón Grima Universidad de Zaragoza
  • Nerea Estrada-Marcén Universidad de Zaragoza
  • Jesús Montero-Marín Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria (REDIAPP)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.990

Palabras clave:

Adicción, Trastorno, Actividad física, Calidad de vida, Entrenamiento

Resumen

Cada vez es más frecuente la investigación sobre adicción al ejercicio debido a la importancia del exceso de actividad física en la salud general. Diferentes estudios han investigado la prevalencia del riesgo de adicción al ejercicio (RAE) y sus consecuencias, existiendo contradicciones con respecto a la asociación entre el RAE y las variables asociadas al entrenamiento. Uno de los objetivos de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar los estudios que han usado el Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) para valorar el RAE, así como realizar un meta-análisis para observar las posibles diferencias entre grupos con y sin RAE respecto a la prevalencia, edad, variables de salud (calidad de vida física y mental, desórdenes alimentarios) o de entrenamiento físico (horas/semana). Las búsquedas de estudios se realizaron en bases de datos electrónicas como Pubmed, SPORTDiscus o Scopus, y se hicieron utilizando términos de indexación y palabras clave relacionados con materias médicas o ciencias del deporte. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: participantes evaluados con el EAI; resultados reportados de prevalencia de RAE y/o puntuación en dicho cuestionario; diseño observacional. Veinte estudios cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad para la revisión sistemática y 17 fueron incluidos en el meta-análisis. Los resultados mostraron peores valores en calidad de vida mental y trastornos de alimentación en el grupo con RAE comparado con el grupo sin RAE. Además, el grupo con RAE era más joven y realizaba más horas de entrenamiento semanal. No obstante, es necesaria más investigación.

Biografía del autor/a

Javier Simón Simón Grima, Universidad de Zaragoza

Doctorando en Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte

Nerea Estrada-Marcén, Universidad de Zaragoza

Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte. Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain

Jesús Montero-Marín, Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria (REDIAPP)

Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria (REDIAPP), Zaragoza, Spain

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Publicado

2018-07-13

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