The secrecy of hazardous drinking
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.348Keywords:
Alcohol, brief intervention, early detection, markers, questionnaires, screeningAbstract
In this instance, hazardous drinking means alcohol consumption, which exceeds a certain threshold value. Clinical history is considered an insufficient diagnostic procedure, because patients tend to underestimate their drinking. The challenge is to find effective methods to detect hazardous drinking but also in establishing a reliable golden standard when developing these methods. For research purposes, a time-line follow back is the best available option. For clinical purposes, less time-consuming methods are needed and a verbal interview is preferred above structured questionnaires and biochemical markers. Thus, there is urgent need to have evidence of the effectiveness of short face-to-face interviews in a confidential atmosphere. In future, new technologies and event-level methodology may serve as aids both for research and clinical purposes to reveal the secret of hazardous drinking.References
Aertgeers, B., Buntinx, F., Ansoms, S. Fevery, J. (2001) Screening properties of questionnaires and laboratory tests for the detection of alcohol abuse or dependence in a general practice population. British Journal of General Practice 464, 206-217.
Ballesteros, J., Gonzales-Pinto, A., Querejeta, I., Arino, J. (2004) Brief interventions for hazardous drinkers delivered in primary care are equally effective in men and women. Addiction 99: 103-108.
Bertholet, N., Daeppen, J.B., Wietlisbach, V., Fleming, M., Burnand, B. (2005) Reduction of alcohol consumption by brief alcohol intervention in primary care: systematic review and metanalysis. Archive of Internal Medicine 165: 986-95.
Coulton, S., Drummond, C., James, D., Godfrey, C., Bland. J.M., Parrott, J. Peters, T. (2006) Opportunistic screening for alcohol use disorders in primary care: comparative study. British Medical Journal 331, 511-517.
Edwards, G., Ariff, A. & Hadgson, R. (1981) Nomenclature and classification of drug-and-alcohol-related problems: a WHO Memorandum. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 59, 225-242.
Fiellin, D.A., Reid, M.C. O`Connor, P.G. (2000) Screening for alcohol problems in primary care: a systematic review. Archives of Internal Medicine 160, 1977-1989.
Gordon, A.J., Maisto, S.A., McNeil, M., Kraemer, K.L., Conigliaro, R.L., Kelley, M.E. Conigliaro, J. (2001) Three questions can detect hazardous drinking. Journal of Family Practice 50, 313-320.
Hammersley. R. (1994) A digest of memory phenomena for addiction research. Review. Addiction 89: 283-293.
Kypri, K., Thiagarajan, S., Cunningham, J., Kavanagh, D., Dean, J. (2005) Innovative interventions for problem drinking. Current Opinion of Psychiatry 18, 229-234.
Neal, D.J., Fromme, K., DelBoca, F.K., Parks, K.A., King, L.P., Pardi, A.M., Collins, R.L., Muraven, M., Vetter, C. Corbin, W.R. (2006) Capturing the moment: Innovative approaches to daily alcohol assessment. Alcohol Clinical Exp. Research 30, 282-291.
NIAAA, National Institute of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Helping Patients Who Drink Too Much: A Clinician`s Guide: NIH publication Nº 05-3769, revised, Rockville, MD: 2005.
Saunders, J.B., Aasland, O.G., Babor, T.F., de la Fuente, J.R., Grant M. (1993) Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II. Addiction 88: 791-804.
Sobell, L.C. Sobell, M.B. (2000) Alcohol Timeline Followback (TLFB). Handbook of psychiatric measures. American psychiatric Association, Washington DC, 477-479.
