Psychiatric morbidity among cocaine and heroin users in the community
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.91Keywords:
cocaine, heroin, CIDI, psychiatric morbidity, young populationAbstract
Drug abuse is a serious public health problem. Moreover, co-occurringmental health and substance abuse disorders are common among drugusers. This paper examines psychiatric disorders of young cocaine andheroin users using the World Mental Health Composite InternationalDiagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI).A cohort of 1266 young (18-30 years) current regular cocaine (705)and heroin (561) users were recruited outside the health services inBarcelona, Madrid and Seville, Spain. The WMH-CIDI was used toevaluate mental disorders; the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS)measured the degree of dependence; and the Duke-UNC FunctionalSocial Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) assessed social support, in a crosssectional study design.About 43% was diagnosed with a lifetime mental disorder. The mostcommon diagnoses were depression (37.5%) and specific phobia (6.8%).During the last 12 months, prevalence rates were also slightly higher inheroin group (26.4%) than in cocaine cohort (21.7%). Every day cocaineconsumption, having unstable living conditions and low social supportwere variables highly associated with psychiatric morbidity in cocainecohort. In heroin cohort, earning money through illegal activitieswas associated with psychiatric morbidity, while the moderate use ofalcohol acted as a protective factor for mental pathology. Morbiditywas associated to having received psychiatric/psychological treatmentduring the last 12 months in both cohorts.This study has shown a relatively high prevalence of psychiatricmorbidity in cocaine and heroin users recruited in non-clinical settings.Future studies examining differences between cocaine and heroinpatterns of consumption associated with mental diseases are necessary.References
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